Eid al-Adha, also known as the Feast of Sacrifice, is a special day for millions of Muslims in the U.S. and around the world. It is a time to honor the devotion of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) to Allah and commemorate the completion of the Hajj pilgrimage, which holds great significance in Islam. In this article, we will delve deeper into the history, traditions, and celebrations surrounding Eid al-Adha, shedding light on its profound importance to Muslims everywhere.
What is the meaning of Eid al-Adha?
“Eid” signifies a joyous celebration or a grand feast. “Al-Adha” refers to a sacrificial act, specifically the one that relates to the test bestowed upon Abraham by God, where he was asked to sacrifice his son, only to be intervened by God, who replaced the son with a ram (or lamb), as explained by Omid Safi, a professor of Islamic studies at Duke University.
The Hajj: Following the Prophet’s Path
The Hajj pilgrimage is a sacred journey that reenacts the final journey of Prophet Muhammad and traces the steps of Prophet Ibrahim and his son Ismail in the desert. It is an integral part of the Islamic faith, as it allows Muslims to experience the spiritual significance of this historical event. The Hajj pilgrimage is considered one of the Five Pillars of Islam, along with the declaration of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, and giving to charity.
The Obligation of Mecca Pilgrimage
According to Islamic teachings, every Muslim who is financially and physically able is obligated to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetime. Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, and the focal point of the pilgrimage is the Ka’bah, a sacred structure believed to have been built by Prophet Ibrahim and his son Ismail. The Hajj brings together millions of Muslims from diverse backgrounds and nationalities, emphasizing the unity of the Muslim community.
Celebrating Eid al-Adha
Eid al-Adha is a joyous celebration that follows the conclusion of the Hajj pilgrimage. Families and communities come together to commemorate this special day. It begins with congregational prayers at the mosque, where Muslims express their gratitude and seek blessings from Allah. The spirit of generosity and compassion is evident during this time, as people exchange gifts and engage in acts of charity to assist those in need. Feasting is an integral part of the celebration, with families and friends sharing delicious meals and enjoying each other’s company.
Historical Origins of Eid al-Adha
The origins of Eid al-Adha can be traced back to the story of Prophet Ibrahim. According to the Holy Qur’an, Ibrahim received a divine command from Allah to sacrifice his beloved son, Ismail, as a test of his faith. Ibrahim, with unwavering devotion, was prepared to carry out the sacrifice. However, at the last moment, Allah intervened and provided a ram as a substitute for Ismail. This story shares similarities with accounts found in the Jewish Torah and the Christian Old Testament, where Abraham is instructed to sacrifice his son, Isaac.
Date and Variations of Eid al-Adha
The timing of Eid al-Adha varies each year as it follows the Islamic Lunar Calendar. The celebration falls on the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah, the twelfth and final month of the Islamic calendar. Since the lunar calendar is shorter than the Gregorian solar calendar, the date of Eid al-Adha shifts annually. In the U.S., Eid al-Adha is expected to be observed on June 28-29, 2023.
How is Eid al-Adha celebrated?
In the early hours of the day, a significant number of Muslims will partake in additional prayers, frequent mosques, and participate in extensive community events. The celebrations are often marked by quality time spent with loved ones, donning fresh attire, and the exchange of presents.
Remembering the tale of Ibrahim, Muslims enact Udhiya (or Qurbani), a ritual that requires the sacrifice of an animal such as a cow, goat, or lamb. The meat from the sacrifice is then equally shared among the individual’s family, friends, relatives, and those in need.
In the United States, while many Muslims partake in this ritual, there are some who partners with organizations to finance the distribution of meat in countries experiencing significant need.
Difference between Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha
It is important to differentiate between Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, as they are both significant Muslim holidays. Eid al-Fitr marks the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting, and is a time of celebration, gratitude, and seeking forgiveness. It is often referred to as the “Lesser Eid” and lasts for three days. Eid al-Adha, on the other hand, is known as the “Greater Eid” and signifies the completion of the Hajj pilgrimage. It is a longer celebration, lasting for three to four days in Muslim-majority countries.
Are businesses closed for Eid al-Adha?
Eid al-Adha is not a recognized national holiday in the United States. As a result, most businesses and restaurants operate as usual during this time. However, Muslim communities find ways to come together and observe the occasion within their local contexts. Mosques organize special prayers and community gatherings to ensure that the spirit of Eid al-Adha is upheld.
Are banks open on Eid al-Adha?
The answer is NO. On the occasion of Eid al-Adha, banks will remain closed as it is a widely recognized public holiday in many predominantly Muslim countries. This closure allows individuals to observe and partake in the festivities associated with this significant religious celebration.
Customs and Traditions during Eid al-Adha
Eid al-Adha is marked by various customs and traditions that hold deep symbolism for Muslims. Beyond the congregational prayers and gift exchanges, one of the central practices is the act of sacrifice, known as Udhiya or Qurbani. Muslims who can afford it may choose to sacrifice an animal, such as a goat, lamb, or cow, in remembrance of Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son. The meat is then distributed among family, relatives, friends, and those in need, emphasizing the values of sharing, generosity, and compassion.
The Spiritual Lessons of Eid Al-Adha
Eid Al-Adha imparts valuable lessons of faith, sacrifice, and charity. It is a reminder that sacrifices made in the path of righteousness bring spiritual growth and communal harmony. In today’s context, the idea of sacrifice extends beyond the literal. It encompasses self-restraint, patience, empathy, and the willingness to give up personal gains for the collective good.
Pronunciation and Greetings for Eid al-Adha
The proper pronunciation of “Eid al-Adha” is “Eed al Ahd-ah.” In regions influenced by the Persian language, variations such as “Eid al-Azha” and “Eidul Azha” are used. When extending greetings, “Eid Mubarak,” meaning “Blessed Eid,” is a common phrase. Additionally, simply saying “Happy Eid al-Adha” is a heartfelt way to convey well wishes during this festive time.
Conclusion
Eid al-Adha holds immense significance for Muslims worldwide. It is a time to honor Prophet Ibrahim’s devotion to Allah and commemorate the completion of the Hajj pilgrimage. Through prayers, acts of generosity, and feasting, Muslims come together to celebrate the values of unity, compassion, and gratitude. As the years pass and the Islamic calendar unfolds, Eid al-Adha will continue to be a cherished and joyous celebration, reminding Muslims of their faith, heritage, and the importance of shared values.